• Basically, it comes from two sources: surface it from streams, rivers and lakes; and groundwater from underground aquifers. 
• The liquefied minerals in the surface water tends to decrease, while the liquefied minerals in the raw materials are more, such as algae and fallen leaves, which require filtration systems and purification with chlorine therapy. Groundwater is usually reduced in raw materials, but more in liquefied minerals.
• Almost any type of water can be used to brew high-quality beer. If it modification is carried out, it is possible to distinguish between high-quality beer and excellent beer. 
• You must realize that development is cooking, and seasoning alone cannot make up for the lack of active ingredients or bad dishes.
• The typical perception is that the best beer is made with mountain it, which is usually true, although it is likely to be apart from the factors you assume. 
• Hill Which (ie, a neat surface area of water) benefits from development because it is largely mineral-free, which allows manufacturers to add any kind of mineral salts they really think beer needs. This brings us to a fast-track course in chemistry.

ion

• The ions in the developing which are the cation (favorable) and anion (unfavorable) elements of the liquefied minerals in the water. The main cations of interest are calcium (Ca +2), magnesium (Mg +2) and salt (Na +1).
• Salt cations will not increase the hardness of it. A small amount (< 100 ppm) is benign, but in a larger focus, it can cause the mineral or metallic taste of beer.
• Members of the carbonate family of ions are important participants in the development of water chemistry. Carbonate (CO3– 2) and bicarbonate can determine the complete alkalinity of it and also increase the pH of mash and beer.
• The role of chloride anions is to make the beer look fuller and sweeter. The ratio of sulfate to chloride is a good way to assess the effect of it on the balance of beer. 
• The ratio of sulfate to chloride of 2:1 or higher will definitely make the beer drier and more confidently balanced, while the ratio of 1:2 will definitely have a lot of less bitterness, more roundness, and malt. balance.

Hardness water

• The hardness of it is specified as the amount of liquefied calcium and magnesium in the which.
• Tough it contains a lot of calcium and magnesium; soft which won’t work. It conditioners work by chemically changing the calcium and magnesium in the water with salt or potassium.
• Here is the trouble for the manufacturer: I remember my previous claim that excellent developer water must be quite hard. 
• It must have a minimum degree of overall hardness, with a calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content of 150 ppm. The water conditioner eliminates the solids, but leaves the alkalinity behind.

Alkalinity water

• Alkaline it has a high bicarbonate content. The alkalinity in the water increases the pH of the beer and it, which may be a problem with beer taste, especially for lighter designs.
• The pH of the it is not really important. The use of dark roasted malt in the mash can offset the alkaline which to obtain the proper pH of the mash.
• So, while knowing that pH is a bit useful, a little valuable mineral component of supplemental water-and it and affect wort and beer as well-is the most important. Lowering the pH of the beer will destroy the taste of the beer, and the beer will definitely lose its complexity.
• An alkalinity above 50 ppm can be considered high alkalinity to remove the developer because you are rehydrating the dry wort that currently contains minerals and alkalinity. The alkalinity in your it will definitely include the alkalinity currently present.